gene chip
Definition
Noun: A gene chip is a type of microchip or microarray that contains thousands of microscopic spots of short, single-stranded DNA sequences (known as probes). These probes are designed to bind to, or "recognize," complementary DNA sequences from a biological sample. This technology allows for the simultaneous analysis of the expression levels or sequences of many genes.
Usage
The term gene chip is used to describe the physical device used in genetic research and diagnostics. It is a tool for high-throughput screening. - Scientists used a gene chip to analyze which genes were active in the tumor tissue. - The development of the gene chip has revolutionized the field of genomics.
Advanced Usage
- "to hybridize to a gene chip": This phrase describes the process where fluorescently labeled DNA or RNA from a sample binds to its complementary probe on the chip.
- The extracted RNA was labeled and then hybridized to the gene chip.
Variants and Related Words
- DNA microarray (n): A more general technical term for a gene chip.
- Microarray (n): A broader category of technologies that includes gene chips.
- Oligonucleotide array (n): A specific type of gene chip using synthesized short DNA fragments as probes.
Synonyms
- DNA chip
- Biochip (in a genetic context)
Related Phrases
- Gene expression profiling: A common application performed using a gene chip.
- Chip-based assay: A general term for tests conducted using microarrays like a gene chip.
Noun
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a microchip that holds DNA probes that form half of the DNA double helix and can recognize DNA from samples being tested
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